Teacher's Resource Bank
Acknowledgements
The authors and publishers acknowledge the following sources of copyright material and are grateful for the permissions granted. While every effort has been made, it has not always been possible to identify the sources of all the material used, or to trace all copyright holders. If any omissions are brought to our notice, we will be happy to include the appropriate acknowledgements on reprinting & in the next update to the digital edition, as applicable.
Key: Int = Intro, S = Starter, U = Unit.
Communication Worksheets
PhotographyThe following photographs are sourced from Getty Images.
U8: lkpgfoto/iStock/Getty Images Plus; teekid/E+; H.Armstrong Roberts/ClassicStock/Archive Photos; Mike Sgroi/EyeEm; baona/iStock/Getty Images Plus; NAKphotos/iStock/Getty Images Plus; teekid/E+; NAKphotos/iStock/Getty Images Plus.
Grammar Worksheets
Basic: EschCollection/The Image Bank/Getty Images; Extension: Dougal Waters/The Image Bank/Getty Images.
Literature Worksheets
Lisbeth Hjort/Cultura/Getty Images.
Project Templates
PhotographyThe following photographs are sourced from Getty Images.
Int: Hero Images; Steve Debenport/E+; code6d/E+; ilyast/DigitalVision Vectors; FatCamera/E+; RobinOlimb/DigitalVision Vectors; RaStudio/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Wavebreakmedia/iStock/Getty Images Plus; SpiffyJ/DigitalVision Vectors; nenadpitarevic/iStock/Getty Images Plus; 2e812ac3_768/iStock/Getty Images Plus; RunPhoto/Photodisc; skynesher/E+; Nongluk Charoenpronwattanakun/EyeEm; FRED TANNEAU/AFP; Manakin/iStock/Getty Images Plus; XtockImages/iStock/Getty Images Plus; KidStock/Blend Images; Patrick Durand/Sygma via Getty Images.
The following photograph is sourced from other library.
Int: Kirby Wu.
IllustrationsInt: Chelen Écija.
Cover design: Chefer.
Cover illustration: Andrés Martínez.
Vocabulary Worksheets
PhotographyThe following photographs are sourced from Getty Images.
Basic- SU: PhotoAlto/Odilon Dimier/PhotoAlto Agency RF Collections; A. Martin UW Photography/Moment; U2: pepmiba/E+; Nora Carol Photography/Moment; PeopleImages/E+; Regina Podolsky/EyeEm; AnthiaCumming/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Rebecca Nelson/Image Source; U3: Jetta Productions/DigitalVision; miljko/E+; Juice Images; Caiaimage/Robert Daly/OJO+; Caiaimage/Sam Edwards/OJO+; U4: VICTOR/DigitalVision Vectors; hakule/DigitalVision Vectors; appleuzr/DigitalVision Vectors; vreemous/DigitalVision Vectors; ALEAIMAGE/E+; E.V Lou/Cultura; Caiaimage/Rafal Rodzoch/Caiaimage; doram/iStock/Getty Images Plus; U5: Jasmin Awad/EyeEm/EyeEm; narcisa/E+; Ng Sok Lian/EyeEm/EyeEm; istanbulimage/E+; yasinguneysu/E+; Floortje/E+; Chattrawutt Hanjukkam/EyeEm/EyeEm; KristinaVelickovic/DigitalVision Vectors; bubaone/DigitalVision Vectors; FrankRamspott/DigitalVision Vectors; U6: appleuzr/DigitalVision Vectors; VICTOR/DigitalVision Vectors; bubaone/DigitalVision Vectors; Gannet77/E+; Tetra Images; Chris Clor; PhotoAlto/Sandro Di Carlo Darsa/Brand X Pictures; Cavan Images/Cavan; Michael H/DigitalVision; U7: Andreas Naumann/EyeEm; Songsak Wilairit/EyeEm; Benoit BACOU/Photononstop; Arun Roisri/Moment; Life On White/Stockbyte; Life On White/Photodisc; Ger Bosma/Moment; kiszon pascal/Moment; Bridgena_Barnard/RooM; Studio Omg/EyeEm; Michael Candelori/EyeEm; Lorel Mcconnell/EyeEm; U8: bubaone/DigitalVision Vectors; TongSur/DigitalVision Vectors; Enis Aksoy/DigitalVision Vectors; VICTOR/DigitalVision Vectors; Chattrawutt Hanjukkam/EyeEm; David Soler/EyeEm; luismmolina/E+; Creative Crop/DigitalVision; imagestock/iStock/Getty Images Plus; s-cphoto/E+; U9: Mint Images/Mint Images RF; Peter Mason/Cultura; Jacob Rushing/Image Source; Annie Tsukanova/Moment Open; Mint Images - Tim Robbins/Mint Images RF; Sarinya Pinngam/EyeEm; VICTOR/DigitalVision Vectors; Extension- SU: krisanapong detraphiphat/Moment; Compassionate Eye Foundation/DigitalVision; U2: seksan Mongkhonkhamsao/Moment; Nora Carol Photography/Moment; PeopleImages/E+; Manuel Breva Colmeiro/Moment; Evgeniy Kleymenov/EyeEm; Westend61; AnthiaCumming/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Rebecca Nelson/Image Source; U3: Compassionate Eye Foundation/Steven Errico/DigitalVision; U4: VICTOR/DigitalVision Vectors; appleuz/DigitalVision Vectors; hakule/DigitalVision Vectors; appleuzr/DigitalVision Vectors; vreemous/DigitalVision Vectors; U5: Jasmin Awad/EyeEm/EyeEm; narcisa/E+; Image Source/Image Source; Ng Sok Lian/EyeEm/EyeEm; istanbulimage/E+; Sawitree Pamee/EyeEm/EyeEm; s-cphoto/E+; yasinguneysu/E+; Elva Etienne/Moment; Standard- SU: Compassionate Eye Foundation/DigitalVision; U2: pepmiba/E+; Nora Carol Photography/Moment; PeopleImages/E+; Regina Podolsky/EyeEm; Evgeniy Kleymenov/EyeEm; Tim Macpherson/Cultura; AnthiaCumming/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Rebecca Nelson/Image Source; U4: VICTOR/DigitalVision Vectors; hakule/DigitalVision Vectors; appleuzr/DigitalVision Vectors; vreemous/DigitalVision Vectors; U5: Jasmin Awad/EyeEm; narcisa/E+; Ng Sok Lian/EyeEm; istanbulimage/E+; yasinguneysu/E+; s-cphoto/E+; KristinaVelickovic/DigitalVision Vectors; bubaone/DigitalVision Vectors; Leontura/DigitalVision Vectors; Elva Etienne/Moment; U6: appleuzr/DigitalVision Vectors; VICTOR/DigitalVision Vectors; bubaone/DigitalVision Vectors; U7: Andreas Naumann/EyeEm; Songsak Wilairit/EyeEm; Benoit BACOU/Photononstop; Arun Roisri/Moment; Life On White/Stockbyte; Life On White/Photodisc; Michael Mike L. Baird flickr.bairdphotos.com/Moment; U8: bubaone/DigitalVision Vectors; TongSur/DigitalVision Vectors; Enis Aksoy/DigitalVision Vectors; VICTOR/DigitalVision Vectors; U9: Mint Images/Mint Images RF; Peter Mason/Cultura; Jacob Rushing/Image Source; Annie Tsukanova/Moment Open; Mint Images - Tim Robbins/Mint Images RF; Sarinya Pinngam/EyeEm.
Video Worksheets/Videos
Everyday English
PhotographyThe following photographs are sourced from Getty Images.
U1: John Lawson, Belhaven/Moment Open; Oscar Wong/Moment; PhotoAlto/Frederic Cirou/PhotoAlto Agency RF Collections; benedek/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Klaus Vedfelt/DigitalVision; Marc Bruxelle/iStock Editorial/Getty Images Plus; WEstend61; Chris Tobin/DigitalVision; onurdongel/E+; U2: Martin Leigh/Photodisc; JennaWagner/E+; Viorika/E+; David Harrigan/Canopy; Jose Luis Pelaez Inc/DigitalVision; Image Source; U3: mediaphotos/iStock/Getty Images Plus; KatarzynaBialasiewicz/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Daniel_Kay/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Adrian Pinna/EyeEm/EyeEm; Adrian Pinna/EyeEm/EyeEm; blackred/Stock/Getty Images Plus; Jill Lehmann Photography/Moment; U4: Willie B. Thomas/DigitalVision; Westend61; Malkovstock/iStock/Getty Images Plus; U5: Garden Photo World/David C Phillips/Alloy; THEGIFT777/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Mohamed Elkhamisy/EyeEm/EyeEm; Csondy/E+; lovelypeace/iStock/Getty Images Plus; moodboard/Cultura; Mohamed Elkhamisy/EyeEm/EyeEm; U6: Copyright Xinzheng. All Rights Reserved/Moment; PhotoAlto/Dinoco Greco/PhotoAlto Agency RF Collections; multifocus/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; ONYXprj/iStock/Getty Images Plus; uptonpark/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Alonso Romero Mndez/EyeEm/EyeEm; Thomas Northcut/DigitalVision; Douglas Sacha/Moment; U7: Amateur photographer, still learning/Moment; Alexander Kirch/EyeEm/EyeEm; Daniel Viñé Garcia/Moment Open; Jared Alden; Westend61; Martina Katz; Red Sky/Moment; U8: ismagilov/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Julien McRoberts; asbe/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Douglas Sacha/Moment; Fernando Trabanco Fotografía/Moment; Tom Werner/DigitalVision; U9: TheItern/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Cristian Bortes/EyeEm/EyeEm; Tim Grist Photography/Moment; Adam Hester; ExperienceInteriors/E+; PhotoAlto/Eric Audras/PhotoAlto Agency RF Collections; Westend61; seb_ra/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Wicki58/E+; dayice/iStock/Getty Images Plus.
VideoThe following video clips are sourced from Getty Images.
U6: multifocus/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Larry Grant/DigitalVision; MakanaCreative/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; U8: Caiafilm; Warner Bros. Studios/Warner Bros. Entertainment; satit_srihin/Creatas Video.
AudioThe following audio clips are sourced from Getty Images.
U1: Maximiliano Silveira/SoundExpress; Alex Koltsov/SoundExpress; U2: Maximiliano Silveira/SoundExpress; U3: Maximiliano Silveira/SoundExpress; Ian Hubball/Sound Effects by Getty Images; U4: Maximiliano Silveira/SoundExpress; U5: Maximiliano Silveira/SoundExpress; U6: Maximiliano Silveira/SoundExpress; U7: Maximiliano Silveira/SoundExpress; U8: Maximiliano Silveira/SoundExpress; ScoreStorm/SoundExpress; U9: Maximiliano Silveira/SoundExpress.
Video production by Lucentum Digital.
Grammar Vlogs
PhotographyThe following photographs are sourced from Getty Images.
SU.1: Leontura/DigitalVision Vectors; Jose Luis Pelaez Inc/DigitalVision; Fuse/Corbis; Poligrafistka/DigitalVision Vectors; XonkArts/DigitalVision Vectors; cynoclub/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Caiaimage/Robert Daly; askmenow/DigitalVision Vectors; Michael H/DigitalVision; Image Source; PT Images; alexsl/DigitalVision Vectors; procurator/DigitalVision Vectors; Ivary; mixetto/E+; SU.2: Jacqueline Veissid/Photodisc; Hero Images; Image Source; SolStock/E+; Steve Debenport/E+; Ableimages/David Harrigan; Westend61; U1.2: Jose Luis Pelaez/Photodisc; Morsa Images/DigitalVision; Maskot; Peathegee Inc; Jose Luis Pelaez Inc/DigitalVision; Ariel Skelley/DigitalVision; U1.3: Gary John Norman; jlmatt/iStock/Getty Images Plus; U2.2: JGI/Jamie Grill; Thinkstock Images/Stockbyte; Photodisc; Maskot; U2.3: Hero Images; Jose Luis Pelaez Inc/DigitalVision; Caiaimage/Tom Merton; Alistair Berg/DigitalVision; Maskot; U3.2: Sudowoodo/iStock/Getty Images Plus; annatodica/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Qvasimodo/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Ihor Kashurin/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Juice Images; Hero Images; Steve Debenport/E+; Alain SHRODER/ONOKY; John Rowley/Stockbyte; moodboard/Cultura; fstop123/E+; U3.3: Hero Images; DreamPictures/Taxi; ViktorCap/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Caiaimage/Chris Ryan/OJO+; Ben Pipe Photography/Cultura; Getty Images/Blend Images; A. Chederros/ONOKY; U4.2: paulprescott72/iStock Editorial/Getty Images Plus; Stella; carterdayne/E+; Mats Silvan/EyeEm; Westend61; John Block; harneshkp/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Nenov/Moment; lleerogers/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Fuse/Corbis; Riccardo Livorni/EyeEm; Rachel de Joode; U4.3: stevezmina1/DigitalVision Vectors; InnaBodrova/DigitalVision Vectors; Planet Flem/DigitalVision Vectors; Paulo Buchinho/Imagezoo; Malte Mueller; VICTOR HABBICK VISIONS/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY; beastfromeast/DigitalVision Vectors; Dorling Kindersley: Keith Hagan; Utamaru Kido/Moment; Ben Sanders; U5.2: cako74/DigitalVision Vectors; xavierarnau/E+; Martha Lazar/The Image Bank; Tassii/E+; Westend61; U5.3: cako74/DigitalVision Vectors; R-DESIGN/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Ben Pipe Photography/Cultura; georgeclerk/E+; Yasser Chalid/Moment; U6.2: peepo/E+; Antenna; AFP Contributor; PeopleImages/E+; Jose Luis Pelaez Inc/DigitalVision; Brooke Fasani Auchincloss/Corbis; FrankRamspott/DigitalVision Vectors; William King/Taxi; dwphotos/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Ben Welsh/Corbis; U6.3: Westend61; ArtMarie/E+; Mike Powell/Allsport Concepts; 4x6/E+; Tori Seubert/EyeEm; Akepong Srichaichana/EyeEm; Maximilian Stock Ltd./Photographer's Choice; pbombaert/Moment; U7.2: Boy_Anupong/Moment Open; AlexandraPhotos/Moment; PhotoAlto/Odilon Dimier; Ronald Leunis/EyeEm; Ogphoto/E+; Jim McKinley/Moment; Getty Images/Gallo Images; L A Horstman Photography/Moment; Ben Queenborough/Moment Mobile; Sylvain Cordier/Photodisc; U7.3: Ariel Skelley/DigitalVision; Adria Photography/Moment; Daniel J. Cox/Corbis Documentary; J & C Sohns/Picture Press; Jeff Greenberg/Universal Images Group; SolStock/E+; U8.2: Sudowoodo/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Yasser Chalid/Moment; Kevin Dodge; Dean Belcher/Stone; XonkArts/DigitalVision Vectors; Isabel Pavia/Moment; Daniel Milchev/Stone; Steve Debenport/iStock/Getty Images Plus; U8.3: Westend61; PhotoAlto/Laurence Mouton; Chicasso; Kristina Lindberg/DigitalVision; U9.2: Eric Audras/ONOKY; Ulrike Schmitt-Hartmann/DigitalVision; Kieran Stone/Moment; jonpic/E+; Patrick Meier/Moment Mobile; Christopher Matthews/EyeEm; guvendemir/E+; CSA Images; ArnaPhoto/iStock/Getty Images Plus; funnybank/DigitalVision Vectors; U9.3: Hill Street Studios/DigitalVision; Westend61; DaveLongMedia/E+; Francesco Pascale/Moment; Renaud Visage/DigitalVision; Chris Clinton/The Image Bank; DuKai photographer/Moment; Karin Smeds/Folio Images.
VideoThe following video clips are sourced from Getty Images.
U3.3: Caiafilm/Creatas Video; U6.2: Caiafilm/Vetta; Pressmaster/DigitalVision; MakanaCreative/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; simonkr/Vetta; SimonSkafar/Vetta; Josep Gutierrez - Camera Crew Barcelona/Moment Video RF; U7.2: Eyal Bartov/Verve+; Andrew_Howe/Creatas Video; stevecoleimages/Creatas Video; Audioslave/Creatas Video; U7.3: olovedog/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; delectus/Creatas Video; jd_field/Creatas Video.
AudioThe following audio clips are sourced from Getty Images.
U5.2: Ladislav Weyrostek/Sound Effects by Getty Images; U6.3: PianoPassion/SoundExpress; U8.2: Anton Orlov/Sound Effects by Getty Images; Erika Gonzalez/Sound Effects by Getty Images.
Video produced by Lucentum Digital.
Documentaries
VideoThe following video clips are sourced from Getty Images.
U1.1: staticnak1983/Creatas Video; Thomas Barwick/Image Bank Film: Signature; Stusya/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; GoodSport.Video/Photolibrary Video; Lumi Images Video/Image Bank Film: Signature; Toa55/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Van Riper/Verve; Wavebreakmedia/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Paolo Ciprian/Creatas Video; wundervisuals/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Caiafilm/Creatas Video; andresr/Creatas Videos; andresr/Vetta; andresr/Creatas Videos; Multi-bits/Image Bank Film: Signature; Noppasin Wongchum/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Pigeon Productions Inc./Image Bank Film: Signature; saskami/Creatas Video; Pigeon Productions Inc./Image Bank Film: Signature; kali9/Vetta; Image Source Ltd/Jupiterfootage; PhotographyAll below images are sourced from Getty Images.AudioAll below audios are sourced from Getty Images U1.5: Dorian Weber/DigitalVision; Videologia/Creatas Video; monkeybusinessimages/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; JaimeByrd/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Ridofranz/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; MoMo Productions/Image Bank Film: Signature; pixelfusion3d/Creatas Video; Vexler/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Caiafilm/Vetta; StockSeller_ukr/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; TheStacks/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Milan_Jovic/Creatas Video; mack2happy/Creatas Video; Rocketclips/Verve+; uzhursky/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; The Lighthouse Film Co, Inc.; Kali/Vetta; Paulo Gambale/DigitalVision; Brusonja/Creatas Video; George Pelaez/Corbis Video; shironosov/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; ImagesBazaar/Photolibrary Video; Pigeon Productions Inc/Image Bank Film: Signature; xijian/Creatas Video; fatCamera/vetta; hoozone/Creatas Video; Grooters Productions/Photodisc; kobps2/Creatas Video; U2.1: Dragun/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Jorge Cosmen/DigitalVision; Ascent Xmedia/Image Bank Film; Planet Observer/Universal Images Group; itsskin/Vetta; TaManKunG/Creatas Video; NosUA/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; pixelfusion3d/Creatas Video; ImagesBazaar/Photolibrary Video; Explora_2005/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; zgr_pro/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; minemero/CreatasVideos; zgr_pro/Creatas Video- New Getty+/Getty Images Plus; minemero/Creatas Videotolgart/Creatas Video; NordicMoonlight/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; ReeldealHD Ltd/Verve+; LexLero/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Biggunsband/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Andrew Holt/DigitalVision; Stock Footage, Inc./Verve+; tonsound/Creatas Video; The Lighthouse Film Co, Inc; jose carlos macouzet espinosa/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Johnce/Creatas Video; Yellow Dog Productions Inc./Image Bank Film: Signature; voshadhi/Creatas Video; emesilva/Creatas Video; AscentXmedia/Creatas Video+; U3.1: Touchmedias/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; blackred/Creatas Video; TaManKunG/Creatas Video; David Bathgate/Corbis Historical; NurPhoto/Getty Images Editorial Footage; serdarcan/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; WLV Stock/DigitalVision; Train_Arrival/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Kontent Real/Verve; GM Stock Films/Creatas Video; Kontent Real/Image Bank Film; Dkosig/Creatas Video; Mauro_Scarone/Creatas Video; ddkownzyou/Creatas Video; ronib1979/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; mikiell/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Konstik/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Klaus Vedfelt/Image Bank Film; romansu/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; U3.5: shironosov/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; davidf/Vetta; uberstock/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; pamspix/Creatas Video; Noelia Ramon - TellingLife/Moment Video RF; pxlar8/Creatas Video; Helifilms/Image Bank Film; Discovery FootageSource; simonkr/Creatas Video; Peter Adams Photography Ltd./Verve+; Yellow Dog Productions Inc./Image Bank Film: Signature; Purplevideos/Creatas Video; ContentWorks/Creatas Video; Ariel Skelley/Image Bank Film: Signature; Luis Alvarez/Photodisc; monkeybusinessimages/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Dennis Welsh/Image Bank Film; Marc Romanelli/Image Bank Film: Signature; kajakiki/Vetta; SVTeam/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; gorodenkoff/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; HeroImagesFootage/Creatas Video; Froomer Pictures Ltd./Image Bank Film: Signature; U4.1: kukhunthod/Creatas Video; Spotmatik/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Fina Filmes/Image Bank Film; Froomer Pictures Ltd./Image Bank Film: Signature; querbeet/Creatas Video; viafilms/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; rece/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; MrMost/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Gary Conner/DigitalVision; Mekanikko/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Gavin Hellier/Image Bank Film; uzhursky/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; cookelma/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; photovideostock/Creatas Video; sergeysaraev/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Paul J Lilley/Photodisc; Biggunsband/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; RupertBritton/Creatas Video; Skorneev/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; lovemelovemypic/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; boophuket/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; PhotosIndia/Image Bank Film; Bill Gentile/Corbis Video; jamesbenet/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Multi-bits/Image Bank Film; JaimeByrd/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Meridian Studios/Image Bank Film; jinglemarket/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; khanoglu/Creatas Video; Foodcollection; Rgtimeline/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; chizheffsky/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; ShutterOK/Creatas Video; aodaodaod/Creatas Video; Sam Diephuis/Image Bank Film; Caiafilm; Caiafilm/Vetta; mixetto/Creatas Video; multifocus/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; andresr/Vetta; gawrav/Creatas Video; OrlowskiDesigns/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; killerbayer/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; zdravinjo/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Olga Balynska/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Steve Debenport/Creatas Video; Blacklight Productions LLC/Image Bank Film; Ariel Skelley/Iconica Video; U5.1: Andersen Ross/Verve+; Fact Not Fiction Films/Oxford Scientific Video; andresr/Creatas Video; Zinkevych/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; kali9/Vetta; kali9/Creatas Video; CaiaFilmJV/Creatas Video; monkeybusinessimages/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; branex/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; John McBride & Company Inc./Image Bank Film; vgagavgaga/Creatas Video; becker of films4utv/one80; Cultura RM Exclusive/Jonatan Fernstrom/Cultura Exclusive; gorodenkoff/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; STEFANOLUNARDI/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Wavebreak Media Ltd./Verve+; Pressmaster/DigitalVision; Big Pond Films/one80; GeorgiaCourt/Creatas Video; ITN; SolStock/Creatas Video; www.filmsbyben.com./DigitalVision; KLH49/Creatas Video; zgr_pro/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Hebron_Films/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; The Lighthouse Film Co, Inc./The Lighthouse Film Company; Biggunsband/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; selected-takes/Creatas Video; Aldo Pavan/Image Bank Film; Blooms-Studio/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; U5.5: The Time Lapse Company/Verve; ImagesBazaar/Photolibrary Video; lewkmiller/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; GCShutter/Creatas Video; gustavofrazao/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Peter Adams Photography Ltd./Verve+; mith_67/Creatas Video; Weedezign/Creatas Video; SciFX Animation Ltd./Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Zcenerio/Moment Video RF; Joao Inacio/Moment Video RF; Pacific7 Productions London/Image Bank Film; Hugh Sitton/Corbis Video; Yellow Dog Productions Inc./Verve; Aldo Pavan/Image Bank Film; Yellow Dog Productions Inc./Image Bank Film; Avatar_023/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; U6.1: roibu/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; ozgedemirci/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Wavebreakmedia/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; davincidig/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; AidarZ/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; OkinawaPottery/Creatas Video; Spencer_Whalen/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Wehrwolf/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; CJNattanai/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; saskami/Creatas Video; Froomer Pictures Ltd./Image Bank Film; DmitryBairachnyi/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; technotr/Creatas Video; Thomas Barwick/Image Bank Film; wundervisuals/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; monkeybusinessimages/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Rebelz/Vetta; SolStock/Creatas Video; Caiafilm/Creatas Video; ImagesBazaar/Photolibrary Video; ITN; 3sbworld/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; RichLegg/Creatas Video; natbits/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; piola666/Creatas Video; Barcroft Media - Footage/Barcroft Media Video; skynesher/Vetta; Alstrin Films/one80; mgost/Creatas Video; The Lighthouse Film Co, Inc./The Lighthouse Film Company; michelecaminati/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; RubberBall Productions LLC/Photolibrary Video; slavemotion/Vetta; BLOOMimage RF Film/Verve+; Artur Debat/Moment Video RF; dtiberio/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; bowdenimages/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; U7.1: Discovery FootageSource/Discovery Access; Erik Rochner/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Ianm35/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Ascent Xmedia/Image Bank Film; John Downer Productions/Image Bank Film; American Rogue/Image Bank Film; pigprox/Creatas Video; Discovery FootageSource; luchschen/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; John and Janet Foster/Image Bank Film; istock; Buff Corsi Focus On Nature, Inc./Photodisc; Revelation/DigitalVision; Mark Kostich/Creatas Video; Multi-bits/Image Bank Film; Beyond Vision/Photolibrary Video; Emiltev/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Merlinus74/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Gallo Images/LONDOLOZI GAME RESERVE TRUST/Image Bank Film; Allstar Picture Library/Photolibrary Video; Gregory B Balvin/DigitalVision; boonkum/Creatas Video; Multi-bits/DigitalVision; GabyScheewe-Pfeil/Creatas Video; Fluorescent Films Ltd/Image Bank Film; EMS-FORSTER-PRODUCTIONS/DigitalVision; Nature Stock Shots/Image Bank Film; Smithsonian RF/Smithsonian; mangomonster/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Blacklight Productions LLC/DigitalVision; Kunhui Chih/Creatas Video; Heinz Tschanz-Hofmann/EyeEm; Ken Lucas/Visuals Unlimited; JohnCarnemolla/Creatas Video; U7.5: Echo Films/Image Bank Film: Signature; "SimonSkafar/Vetta; tunart/Creatas Video; BBC Universal/BBC Creative; HotDuckZ/Vetta; Dave168/Creatas Video; GlobalP/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; mith_67/Creatas Video; carpinxo/Creatas Video; DDCoral/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Archive Farms - Footage/Archive Films: Editorial; Peter Adams Photography Ltd./Verve+; Hugh Sitton/Corbis Video; OmniReelLife/Photolibrary Video; Anadolu Agency/Footage; adartstock/Creatas Video; ImagesBazaar/Photolibrary Video; RockfordMedia/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Gardner Films Inc/Image Bank Film; Paulo Gambale/Image Bank Film; U8.1: ilze79/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Andersen Ross/Image Bank Film; vesperstock/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; HeroImagesFootage/Creatas Video; Kazzakova/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Stewart Cohen Pictures/Image Bank Film; Pigeon Productions Inc./Image Bank Film; Mark Andersen/Photolibrary Video; gorodenkoff/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; ITN; David Gould/DigitalVision; Krzysztof Janiec/Creatas Video; mkfoto/Creatas Video; Bunch_Bundle/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; guy113/Creatas Video; Otto Stadler/Image Bank Film; adaman/Creatas Video; Mark Andersen/Verve+; The Lighthouse Film Co, Inc./The Lighthouse Film Company; U9.1: mgost/Vetta; Van Riper/Image Bank Film; kali9/Vetta; OkinawaPottery/Creatas Video; Image Source Ltd/Verve+; Faithfulshot/DigitalVision; Yellow Dog Productions Inc./Verve; Kunhui Chih/Creatas Video; Osathank/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Geoff Tompkinson/one80; Easy_Company/Creatas Video; Sjale/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Mark Andersen/Image Bank Film; GoodSport.Video/Image Bank Film; Ariel Skelley/Image Bank Film; sdominick/Creatas Video; Dennis Welsh/Image Bank Film; Oleger/Creatas Video; David Gn Photography/Moment Video RF; jacon/Creatas Video; stellalevi/Creatas Video; zistos/Creatas Video; 1001slide/Creatas Video; MartinHarvey/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; GSPRvideoFootage/Creatas Video; Zontini Antonella/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Jay Wander/one80; U9.5: LeoPatrizi/Vetta; Photo by Joel Sharpe/Moment Video RF; Kryssia Campos/Moment Video RF; Mark Andersen/Photolibrary Video; tbd/Creatas Video; Schroptschop/Creatas Video; John Downer Productions/Image Bank Film; SimonSkafar/Creatas Video; Mark Andersen/Verve+; edgelore/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; saskami/Creatas Video; konmesa/Creatas Video; Rubberball/Verve+; Gal Productions/Image Bank Film; Discovery FootageSource/; Footage of the World/DigitalVision; FatCamera/Creatas Video.
PhotographyThe following photographs are sourced from Getty Images.
U1.1: Hill Street Studios LLC/DigitalVision; VALERY HACHE/AFP; andresr/E+; andresr/E+; Jesse Kraft/EyeEm; Aaron McCoy/Lonely Planet Images; Topic Images Inc.; Andrew Bain/Lonely Planet Images; ED JONES/AFP; Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images News; Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images News; AudioAll below audios are sourced from Getty Images; U1.5: Olga_Belova/iStock/Getty Images Plus; PenWin/iStock/Getty Images Plus; czarny_bez/iStock/Getty Images Plus; akova/iStock/Getty Images Plus; VCG/Getty Images News; Richard Cummins/Lonely Planet Images; Anthony McLean/Moment; NurPhoto; AFP; TORU YAMANAKA/AFP; YOSHIKAZU TSUNO/AFP; Crispyfever/iStock/Getty Images Plus; © Peter Lourenco/Moment; Zen Sekizawa/Taxi; Buddhika Weerasinghe/Getty Images News; Emma Kim/Cultura; tetsuomorita/Vetta; Hindustan Times; Johner Images; Dorling Kindersley; Dave King/Dorling Kindersley; Gregor Schuster/The Image Bank; SEBASTIAN D'SOUZA/AFP; PRAKASH SINGH/AFP; DIBYANGSHU SARKAR/AFP; KLH49/iStock/Getty Images Plus; KatarzynaBialasiewicz/iStock/Getty Images Plus; U2.1: Linka A Odom/DigitalVision; Sinenkiy/iStock/Getty Images Plus; themists/iStock/Getty Images Plus; 9770880_224/iStock/Getty Images Plus; U3.1: David Bathgate/Corbis Historical; David H Wells/arabianEye; Jonas Gratzer/LightRocket; AFP; Allison Joyce/Getty Images News; Elizabeth Beard/Moment Open; Ron Dahlquist/Perspectives; Anadolu Agency; Frédéric Soltan/Corbis News; UniversalImagesGroup; Cancan Chu/Getty Images News; James Gerholdt/Photolibrary; mmevents/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Gilles Mingasson/Getty Images News; Bartosz Hadyniak/E+; Yann Layma/The Image Bank; Travel Ink/Gallo Images; EThamPhoto/Corbis NX; Hero Images; Fuse/Corbis; Eco Images/Universal Images Group; Thomas Barwick/Stone; © Hello Lovely/Corbis; U3.5: kokkai/iStock/Getty Images Plus; UniversalImagesGroup; QuennieChua/iStock/Getty Images Plus; iTobi/iStock/Getty Images Plus; travelgame/Lonely Planet Images; DrAbbate/iStock/Getty Images Plus; imaginima/E+; Michael Gottschalk/Photothek; View Pictures/Universal Images Group; Hill Street Studios LLC/DigitalVision; marcoventuriniautieri/E+; OJO Images; Planet Observer/Universal Images Group; The Sydney Morning Herald/Fairfax Media; GREG WOOD/AFP; track5/E+; rozdemir01/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Niedring/Drentwett/Alloy; Image Source/DigitalVision; James Pozarik/The LIFE Images Collection; Rubberball/Verve+; mixetto/Vetta; Daniel Sambraus/EyeEm; eskaylim/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Portra/DigitalVision; Trodler/iStock/Getty Images Plus; atakan/E+; Monty Rakusen/Cultura; PeopleImages/E+; HUGHES Hervé/hemis.fr; Chris McGrath/Getty Images News; U4.1: MikeVanSchoonderwalt/iStock/Getty Images Plus; John Elk/Lonely Planet Images; Aldo Pavan/Lonely Planet Images; Bernd Bieder/imageBROKER; oneworld picture/Universal Images Group; Werner Forman/Universal Images Group; DEA/G. DAGLI ORTI/De Agostini; Juanmonino/iStock/Getty Images Plus; U5.1: gorodenkoff/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Thomas Trutschel/Photothek; Leanne Temme/Photolibrary; Keren Su/Lonely Planet Images; Matilde Gattoni/phocal Media/arabianEye; Stuart Fox; Planet Observer/Universal Images Group; Heritage Images/Hulton Archive; Tim Graham/Getty Images News; Hemant Mehta/Canopy; Steve Debenport/E+; William Chadwell/EyeEm; imtmphoto/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Caiaimage/Chris Ryan/OJO+; Topic Images Inc./Topic Images; Wolfgang Kaehler/LightRocket; SuperStock; bubaone/DigitalVision Vectors; U5.5: Connie Coleman/Photographer's Choice; Christophe Boisvieux/Corbis NX; Tim Graham/Getty Images News; Peter Adams/Corbis; Mantonature/iStock/Getty Images Plus; nevenmn/iStock/Getty Images Plus; jemastock/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Bigmouse108/iStock/Getty Images Plus; larryrains/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Murika/iStock/Getty Images Plus; FAROUK BATICHE/AFP; MicheleVacchiano/iStock Editorial/Getty Images Plus; Emilija Manevska/Moment; FARBAI/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Cultura RM Exclusive/Philip Lee Harvey/Cultura Exclusive; Johner Images; maylat/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Mableen/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Lars Thulin, Johner; Cultura Exclusive/Philip Lee Harvey/Cultura; ErikaMitchell/iStock/Getty Images Plus; JONATHAN NACKSTRAND/AFP; Dkart/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Africanway/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Chris Minihane/Moment; Elfi Kluck/Photolibrary; Nigel Pavitt/AWL Images; Katie Garrod/AWL Images; NurPhoto; Buena Vista Images/Stockbyte; Tim Graham/Hulton Archive; Peety Cooper/Stockbyte; U6.1: Jacquie Boyd/Ikon Images; 3sbworld/iStock/Getty Images Plus; U7.1: Gail Shotlander/Moment; Gallo Images - Richard du Toit/Riser; WIN-Initiative/Neleman; John Brown/Oxford Scientific; Roberta Olenick/All Canada Photos; cteconsulting/iStock/Getty Images Plus; pburwell/Creatas Video; Daniel J. Cox/The Image Bank; bartvdd/iStock/Getty Images Plus; sefoma/Creatas Video+/Getty Images Plus; Franco Banfi/WaterFrame; U7.5: Encyclopaedia Britannica/Universal Images Group; DEA/ARCHIVIO J. LANGE/De Agostini; Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group; DEA/A. DAGLI ORTI/De Agostini; Pool BENAINOUS/TINACCI/Gamma-Rapho; U8.1: Natthawut Nungsanther/EyeEm; Stanislaw Pytel/The Image Bank; Anadolu Agency/; Atlantide Phototravel/Corbis Documentary; Tetra Images; French School; Dave King/Dorling Kindersley; Heritage Images/Hulton Archive; DEA/A. DAGLI ORTI/De Agostini; NurPhoto; Dean Mouhtaropoulos/Getty Images News; Rosemary Calvert/Photographer's Choice; Hero Images; Gabriel Rossi/LatinContent WO; Caiaimage/Robert Daly/Caiaimage; Hindustan Times; skegbydave/iStock/Getty Images Plus; DEA/ARCHIVIO J. LANGE/De Agostini; Oliver Strewe/Lonely Planet Images; Auscape/Universal Images Group; MOLA/Hulton Archive; Dieter Klein/Stock4B; Print Collector/Hulton Archive; serge-75/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Dorling Kindersley: Lol Johnson; barbacane64/iStock/Getty Images Plus; AFP; MirkoVuckovic/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Grafissimo/DigitalVision Vectors; Werner Forman/Universal Images Group; PHAS/Universal Images Group; DEA/G. DAGLI ORTI/De Agostini; DEA PICTURE LIBRARY/De Agostini; Anadolu Agency; U9.1: ilyaliren/iStock/Getty Images Plus; teddyandmia/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Laurence Monneret/Photographer's Choice; EDUARDO MUNOZ ALVAREZ/AFP; aurielaki./iStock/Getty Images Plus; PLANETARY VISIONS LTD/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/; Roger de la Harpe/Gallo Images; Michael Leach/Oxford Scientific; U9.5: sturti/iStock/Getty Images Plus; relif/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Dana Hoff/Corbis Documentary; Graphic_photo/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Klaus Vedfelt/DigitalVision; Anastasiaromb/iStock/Getty Images Plus; marina_ua/iStock/Getty Images Plus; krugli/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Siberian Photographer/iStock/Getty Images Plus; ©fitopardo.com/Moment; KhunJompol/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Denis08131/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Matthew Micah Wright/Lonely Planet Images; migin/iStock/Getty Images Plus; ian600f/iStock/Getty Images Plus; 1001slide/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Danita Delimont/Gallo Images; Heiko Küverling/iStock/Getty Images Plus; prill/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Jupiterimages/Goodshoot/Getty Images Plus; Boogich/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Arnoldo Robert/iStock/Getty Images Plus; elisabono/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Wolfgang Kaehler/LightRocket; gabianta/iStock/Getty Images Plus; barbaraaaa/iStock/Getty Images Plus; ALLEKO/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Miami Herald/Tribune News Service.
AudioThe following audio clips are sourced from Getty Images.
U1.1: omin_13/Sound Express; David Seeley/Sound Effects by Getty Images; Black Cloud Productions/SoundExpress; RFM/SoundExpress; U1.5: Lionfish Music/SoundExpress; Igor Dvorkin/SoundExpress; Francesco Biondi/SoundExpress; Filippo Francione/SoundExpress; Cuttlefish Music/SoundExpress; U2.1: Brian Wayy/SoundExpress; U3.1: Filippo Francione/SoundExpress; Serhii Kot/SoundExpress; Sujay Govindaraj/SoundExpress; U3.5: Soundscapers Production Music Libraries/Sound Express; David Ternyik/SoundExpress; martinish/SoundExpress; U4.1: Spin Damage Music/SoundExpress; Khufunusounds/SoundExpress; U5.1: RFM/SoundExpress; Jonny Slatter/Sound Effects by Getty Images; omin_13/Sound Express; U5.5: dold & martin; campfirewire; aurah; jude martin; marc dold/SoundExpress; Stephan Hermannsdörfer/SoundExpress; Mirko Pernjakovic/Sound Effects by Getty Images; Jonathan Still/SoundExpress; U6.1: Ladislav Weyrostek/Sound Effects by Getty Images; Klimentij Skripnikov/SoundExpress; Mark Kano/SoundExpress; Fedor Alekseev/SoundExpress; piccadillyCircus/SoundExpress; U7.1: Enrique Molano/SoundExpress; alexandru grigoriev/SoundExpress; RFM/SoundExpress; U7.5: Reev Robledo/SoundExpress; Marek Walica/SoundExpress; U8.1: RFM/SoundExpress; Serhii Kot/SoundExpress; U9.1: SamGallagher/SoundExpress; softpiano/SoundExpress; Matthew Prins/SoundExpress; alexandru grigoriev/SoundExpress; Erika Gonzalez/SoundExpress; Camera Sintetica/SoundExpress; Simon Krzic/SoundExpress; Ricardo Henriquez/SoundExpress; U9.5: Enrique Molano/SoundExpress.
Video produced by Lucentum Digital.
IllustrationsAntonio Cuesta Cornejo and José Rubio
Audio Produced by Creative Listening
Typeset by QBS Learning
Authoring
Daniel Brint, Simon Cupit, Alex Paramour and Philip Wood
Freelance editorial work
Karen Ludlow, Dan Morris, Richard Storton and Pen and Ink Book